Sustainable fish feeds: potential of emerging protein sources in diets for juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) in RAS

Abstract In Europe, turbot aquaculture has a high potential for sustainable production, but the low tolerance to fishmeal replacement in diet represents big issue. Therefore, this study investigated effects of more feed formulations on growth and performance, as well nutritional status juvenile recirculating systems. 16-week feeding trial with 20 g turbot, one control containing traditional fishmeal, fish oil soy products two experimental diets where 20% was replaced either processed animal proteins (PAP) or terrestrial plant (PLANT) were tested. Irrespective diets, performance similar between groups, whereas significantly reduced PAP group compared control. Comparing growth, utilisation biochemical parameters, results indicate that fed had lowest performance. Fish PLANT control, parameters status, such condition factor, hepato-somatic index glycogen content showed levels after 16 weeks. These are within physiological range therefore not cause negative Since unaffected, lower formulation might be balanced by cost efficient comparison commercial formulations. Present highlights suitability alternative food farmed fish.